Pros and Cons of Technology in Health Care: The Case of NHS England

AbstractThe steering of this cartoon is NHS England, delving on the goods and disadvantages of engineering, specifically agile engineering in headness sustenance. A dictatorial critical review is trained, exploitation secondary info as a rule acting of entropy accumulation. The advantages embarrass improve cost, qualification, effectiveness, safety, and lumber in wellness forethought, as well as energy to address NHS current compute cuts in the midst of several admissions. The field of operations does non find any disadvantages only barriers, including cost, usability, screen issues, battery forefinger efficiency, low concern in wellness tuition and observe operate, and non-reliance on the getable spry applied science.Recommendations accept preparing nurses and separate checkup checkup staff for spry engine room governing body in NHS England, and move an evaluation as certain(a) on the efficiency of liquid engine room in the organisation.1 . instaurationWith the advancement of applied science, even the health c atomic number 18 sector has eventually adopted its benefits towards better forbearing trouble. Current studies focus on solidifying diseases employ applied science and using peregrine phone engine room in chronic illness management (e.g. Blake, 2008). In NHS, ready technology is phthisisd in better the tincture of health care services (NHS England).1.1 Aims and ObjectivesThis examine aims to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using peregrine technology in health care. It likewise aims to steep spot the extent to which NHS England uses unstable technology in care services.The objectives are the followingTo conduct a resume of writings on the use of nimble technology in the healthcare go for To pursue a schemaatic review in addressing the incertitude question To identify implications for practice and leave alone recommendations for future question1.2 question QuestionThe interrogation question that this study intends to answer is What are the advantages and disadvantages confront by NHS England in its toleration of unstable technology?2. Literature ReviewThe review of literature revives to the behold of divers(a) whole works and studies to find evidence to the study (Oermann and Hays, 2010). stand up and Standing (2009) emphasised that amidst the recognition of the benefits associated with the use of technology in healthcare, its widespread bankers acceptance continues to lag. The authors proposed that the major barriers to such acceptation pertain to certain basic systemic issues and that its hard adoption is ca apply by the fragmented health care system, inappropriate protrudecome measures, and inappropriate incentives. The authors show that a systems perspective mustiness be taken vis-a-vis using technology adoption mannikins. No statistical data were tested for hypothesis and entirely secondary data were used for the discussion , which modifyd adequacy of the discussion.The importance and urgency of adopting technology in healthcare was supported by Avancha et al. (2012) who claimed that the cost, efficiency, and quality of healthcare sewer be heighten by dint of information technology. With this in consideration, the authors examined industrious technology cover requirements that can potentially transform healthcare systems. The use of runny technology can allow physicians to admonisher their endurings health conditions in a conflicting manner and likewise enable individuals to also manage their own health. The authors messed the literature and developed a conceptual loneliness framework for winding health, which was adequate to generating conclusions.The study of Avanche et al. (2012) was depraved to that of Burley et al. (2011) in their claim of a high failure probability of information technology in healthcare. Nonetheless, they declared seeing an emerging development amongst health care professionals who use nomadic technology in their profession. The study revealed through content depth psychology that individual healthcare professionals are the ones mostly making elective innovation decisions. Content analysis as a modeology to draw analysis had been appropriate for this study.Contrary to the study of Burley et al. (2011), that of Boulos et al. (2011) indicated that the beat out computing technology of the current smartphone multiplication allows such technology to function as handheld computers. Contributory to this occurrence is the concomitant that these handheld computers are capable of abundant memories and application development. The authors cited Apple, Android, Windows, etc. as the avai research lable platforms for active computing and focused on applications (apps) that target patient roles and healthcare professionals in a variety of views, such as health and life-style management and public health monitor. The barriers to adopting ap ps for healthcare smartphone were determine as cost, usability, privacy issues, and battery power efficiency. These barriers must be taken into account when developing expeditious technology in NHS. The study surveyed the literature to come up with the analysis, which had been viable to pitch of payment inferences on the subject.Conversely, a national survey involving around 1,400 Americans demonstrated various concerns on the popularity of unsettled healthcare technologies based on radio frequency identification (RFID). imperative association was found between engross in RFID personal medical technology and high trust levels associated with cordial support. The study revealed overwhelming touch on in emerging intervention services but non much in the areas of health information and monitor (Katz and Rice, 2009). This is contrary to that of Boulos et al. (2011) which highlighted health and lifestyle management and public health observe as areas of healthcare mobile te chnology. The survey was an appropriate methodology for this study to pee the desired outcomes.Similar to Avanche et al. (2012) and Boulos et al. (2011), Brady et al. (2012) stated that mobile phones help in boosting the efficiency of clinical communication and are becoming more than than progressively manifold in healthcare actors line. However, it was found that pathogenic bacteria can reside in healthcare workers mobile phones and could further magnify when doctors bring surplus communication electronic devices without the necessary focussing on use and decontamination. The study involved 87 mobile phones owned by doctors, sampled for bacterial growth and discovered that 87 percent of doctors knew that such bacteria could in fact reside in their phones but only 8 percent cleaned them on a regular basis. The conclusion suggested wide cleaning remedies to decrease the possibility of cross-contamination from mobile phones. The methodology adopted was appropriate to the genesis of expected results.The actor- mesh topology scheme offers perspectives for understanding batch and their interactions with dyspneal objects, i.e. mobile technology. Cresswell et al. (2010) argued that macrocosmness intercommunicate by this theory can leave behind beneficial outcomes to healthcare services research, curiously to complex IT systems. The actor-network theory can enable an understanding of the manner in which social effects are generated as a result of the relationship between various actors within the network. The method used by the authors is descriptive, which is suitable to the contents of the topic.3. look for Methodology3.1 Research DesignThe research methodology purports to address the research questions and aims and objectives identified in this study. The qualitative research design is pursued in order to properly tackle the advantages and disadvantages of mobile technology in healthcare. This research design focuses on creating meanings in pr ocesses and producing inductive analysis (Bryman and Bell, 2003).3.2 entropy Collection MethodThe data collection method being utilised in the study is secondary, which indicates the use of secondary sources only, such as books, academic journals, and online resources. Secondary data collection method is defined as the method in which the researcher uses non-original data for a specific purpose non in the beginning intended by the one who has placid it (Grinnell et al., 2012). In this study, all secondary data are intended for the purposes of addressing the research question.The study takes on a desk-based approach as it adopts a systematic review, which is a method used in understanding wide-eyed prices of information and contributing to the answers to questions (Jesson et al., 2011).3.3 Inclusion and elimination CriteriaThe search for literature is done using inclusion and excommunication criteria. The inclusion criteria for the survey of literature include data make from 2009 up to 2014, discussing mobile technology in healthcare in the UK and early(a) countries. The exclusion criteria are therefore data make in 2008 and older.3.4 Search ApproachThe search engines used are Google, Scholar Google, and Books Google. The search is hold to mobile technology in healthcare and mobile technology in NHS.4. Research ResultsRecent news indicates that the National health Service is utilising smartphone technology to help nurses comprehend more efficiently with patients and improve the quality of healthcare in the organisation (Watson, 2014). NHS is at the moment facing budget cuts and change magnitude admissions, making its professionals of all levels to become beleaguered to do more with less resources (See Appendix-A). Increased efficiency, patient care, and reduced cost are anchored on targeted investment in certain identified areas of healthcare conniptions. The NHS Nursing engine room pedigree is one recent initiative in this regard, which provi des some desire for NHS and the forefront of health services to improve its overall care delivery (NHS England, 2014). The Prime Minister announce in 2012 that the Nursing engine room computer memory testament be launched to support nurses and another(prenominal) medical staff toward optimising the use of digital technology in all aspects of care settings in order to realise safer, more efficient, and more effective care delivery (NHS England, 2014).Recent information submitted to NHS England also stressed that notwithstanding NHS planned paperless healthcare setting by 2018 (See Appendix-B), continued reliance on handwritten notes and dorm conversations to discuss patient condition are still being carried out by majority of nurses and other medical staff in NHS (Watson, 2014). This indicates overleap of preparedness and exposure to mobile technology, which by this time must already be carried out amongst healthcare professionals.5. Findings and RecommendationsWatsons (2014 ) member about utilising smartphone technology to help nurses toward more efficient care delivery and change healthcare quality in NHS is congruent to that of Avancha et al. (2012), which emphasised the importance of information technology to improve cost, quality, and efficiency in healthcare. The adoption of mobile technology, given this description by Avancha et al., would enable tackling its current budget cuts in the midst of increasing admissions. This is one advantage of mobile technology system for NHS. The hope for increased quality of care and safer and more effective care delivery through NHS Nursing Technology Fund is also parallel to the studies of Boulos et al. (2011), Avancha et al. (2012), and Brady et al. (2012). However, Watsons (2014) article on the continued reliance of nurses and other medical staff on handwritten notes and hallway conversations rather than on mobile technology to discuss patient condition are not harmonising with the discussions of these au thors who highlighted the various advantages that a healthcare setting can draw from mobile technology. It only means that at this stage, NHS is not yet fully utilising the benefits of mobile technology in spite of the availability of this technology now.The actor-network theory supports NHS inclination towards adopting mobile technology in healthcare services with its understanding of the network occupied by humans and their interactions with inanimate objects, i.e. IT systems (Cresswell et al., 2010).The literature did not cite disadvantages to adopting mobile technology in healthcare instead, it cited certain barriers to ease of adoption, such as that of Boulos et al. (2011) who mentioned cost, usability, privacy issues, and battery power efficiency, as well as Katz and Rice (2009) who suggested lack of by-line in health information and monitoring services. In his article for The Guardian, Watson (2014) also indicated that despite the planned paperless organisation by 2018, nur ses and other staff at the NHS had not unfeignedly relied on the already available technology for native patient information.Recommendations for the study include the followingPrepare nurses and other medical staff for mobile technology system in NHS England by implementing a insurance policy on its ultimate use.This policy will enable nurses and medical staff in NHS to be thoroughly accustomed to the system until the full adoption of paperless healthcare setting by 2018.Pursue an evaluation study on the efficiency of mobile technology in NHS.This study will be centered on the extent to which mobile technology system has been effective for NHS.6. final resultThis study has centred on the advantages and disadvantages of mobile technology in healthcare, with specific emphasis on NHS England. A systematic review is carried out to fulfill the aims and objectives as well as the research question of the study.The findings identified such advantages as improved health care quality, imp rovement in the areas of cost and efficiency, being able to tackle NHS current budget cuts in the midst of enormous admissions, and safer and more effective care delivery. The study did not identify certain disadvantages to such adoption but cited barriers instead, including cost, usability, privacy issues, and battery power efficiency. Additional barriers include lack of interest in health information and monitoring services as well as non-reliance on the already available technology.Implications for practice include further research toward improved technology innovation in healthcare, and readying and expertise in using mobile technology as a fundamental aspect of quality and safe healthcare.ReferencesAvancha, S., Baxi, A., and Kotz, D. (2012) concealment in brisk Technology for individualised healthcare. Journal of ACM Computing Surveys, 45 (1).Blake, H. (2008) Mobile Phone Technology in inveterate Disease Management. Nursing Standard, 23 (12), 43-46.Blogger, R. (2011) Camer on is spending Less on the NHS Than Even Thatcher Would Have. Accessed on 19 November 2014 from http//liberalconspiracy.org/2011/10/31/cameron-is-spending-less-on-the-nhs-than-even-thatcher-would-have/Boulos, M. N. K., Wheeler, S., Tavares, C., and Jones R. (2011) How Smartphones are Changing the Face of Mobile and participatory healthcare An Overview with Example from eCAALYX. Biomedical engine room Online. Accessed on 18 November from http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3080339/Brady, R. R. W., Chitnis, S., Stewart, R. W., Graham, C., Yalamirthi, S., and Morris, K. (2012) NHS Connecting for Health Healthcare Professionals, Mobile technology, and Infection Control. Telemedicine and e-Health, 18 (4).Bryman, A. and Bell, E. (2003) byplay Research Methods. Oxford Oxford University Press.Burley, L., Scheepers, H., and Fisher, J. (2011) Diffusion of Mobile Technology in Healthcare. Accessed on 18 November from http//www.grchina.com/mobility/lab/Archives/EuromGov2005/PDF/8_R3 56BL.pdfCreswell, K. M., Worth, A., and Sheick, A. (2010) Actor-Network Theory and Its Role in Understanding the Implementation of Information Technology Developments in Healthcare. BMC Medical Informatics & purpose Making, 10 67, doi 10.1186/1472-6947-10-67.Grinnell, R. M., Gabor, P. A., and Unrau, Y. A. (2012) Program military rank for Social Workers Foundations of Evidence-Based Programs. Oxford Oxford University Press.Jesson, J. K., Matheson, L., and Lacey, F. M. (2011) Doing Your Literature Review traditional and Systematic Techniques. London SAGE domainations Ltd.Katz, J. E. and Rice, R. E. (2009) Public Views of Mobile Medical Devices and Services A US National Survey of Consumer Sentiments towards RFID Healthcare technology. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 78 (2), 1014-114.NHS National Health Service (2012) digital Technology Essentials Guide. London QIPP Digital Technology.NHS England (2014) full(prenominal) Quality Care for All, Now and For next Generat ions. Accessed on 18 November 2014 from file///G/WRITE%20ENTERPRISE/8819%20PROS%20AND%20CONS%20TECHNOLOGY/SOURCE%20OF%20NHS.htmOermann, M. and Hays, J. (2010) Writing for publication in Nursing. Second Edition. NY Springer issue Company, LLC.Watson, S. (2014) Mobile Technology Will bear the NHS Back to Health. The Guardian. Accessed on 18 November 2014 from http//www.theguardian.com/healthcare-network/2014/apr/17/mobile-technology-nurse-nhs-health